GEOGRAPHY FOR 2023 & BEYOND
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Reducing disparities - photo taken in mumbai, india - april 2010

Reducing Disparities 

Picture
Live Aid - 1985.
Objective: Discuss the different ways in which disparities can be reduced with an emphasis on the following: Trade & Market Access, Debt Relief, Aid & Remittances. 

Background Reading - Turn to page 28 - 31 of the IB Geography Study Guide. You will need to be familiar with all of the content in here and it will come in useful with the joint group project that you are about to embark on. 

Task - You will be contributing in teams of five students to a document that will examine each of the four factors of this unit of work. We will be applying a pre-determined case study to each of the four factors and the end product with be a multi-page report on the issues surrounding the reduction of disparities globally. The framework for your document including an introduction written by Mr Podbury is available to download by clicking the blue button below.

template for written report - reducing disparities

Case Study 1 - Trade 

Fairtrade and Africa.

Links
http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/

http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/vol16no2/162reg3.htm
 

Additional task - listen to the Guardian Online Pod Cast by clicking on the black tab below. Take notes on the key themes under study. 

Since the launch of the first Fairtrade label 25 years ago, the UK market has doubled every two years. Now close to 20% of all bananas and coffee sold in the UK bear the label. 

Once a small, grassroots movement, today fair trade seems fully mainstream. But what difference has fair trade made? Does it go far enough? Is the movement still relevant? And where does fair trade need to go next? 

podcast: Focus fair trade movement
Picture

Case Study 2 - Market Access

Task 1 - Watch the first video and make notes on what trade is and what a 'Trading Bloc' is. 

Task 2 - Watch the second video to the right and make notes on how trading blocs work. Make notes on:
  1. Preferential Trade Area
  2. Free Trade Area & NAFTA
  3. Customs Union
  4. A Common Market & Mercosur
  5. Economic Union & EU



Task 3
- Study this BBC webpage. Can you identify any trading blocs that encourage trade between MEDC's & NICs or LEDCs?


Task 4 - Turn to page 45 of the IB Textbook and read information and take notes on trading blocs and how they help to reduce disparities. 

Case Study 3 - Debt Relief 

Live8 and Make Poverty History 
http://www.live8live.com/
http://www.live8live.com/makepromiseshappen/
http://www.bobgeldof.info/Charity/live8.html
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4084574.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/africa/05/africa_economy/htmbt.stm
 

Wikipedia entry for Debt Relief Programme. 
Bob Geldof's reflection on the campaign

The World Bank has agreed to cancel $37 billion of poor countries’ debts as part of the overall package promised by the G8 last year. So far 17 countries have benefited and their debts will be cleared from July 2006.

The Bank's previous plan would have forced poor countries to wait up to 15 months after qualifying for their debt cancellation to kick in. In March the World Bank's Executive Board overturned this plan, and now the longest any country will have to wait is 3 months.

But there are at least 20 more countries that urgently need debt cancellation, and are waiting for approval.

Picture

case study 4 - Aid

Starter: Watch the video below from the Bill & Melinda Gates (Microsoft) Foundation. Make notes on how foreign aid works. 

Heroin to Farming
Development Aid in Afghanistan. 

Task 1 - Watch the two videos to the right and take notes on the types of aid being given to Afghanistan. 

Task 2 
 - listen to the Guardian Online Pod Cast by clicking on the black tab below. Take notes on the key themes under study.

Over the past 10 years, Afghanistan has been one of the world's main recipients of foreign aid. According to the Afghan government, a total of $57bn (£36bn) in aid has been spent in the country since the start of the US-led invasion in 2001.

Has the money been well spent? And what has it achieved? Advocates say millions of children are now getting an education, and point to a fast-growing economy. Critics counter that aid strategies have been distorted by military objectives, producing few sustainable results. They argue that Afghanistan's economy is now deeply dependent on aid, which is likely to be scaled back significantly in the next few years.

What, if anything, will be left to show for the heavy aid investment? And what does the future hold for the Afghan economy?  


Task 3 - Dangers and unreliability of aid supplies. Watch the third video to the right hand side and read this web article, making notes on the issues highlighted. 
development podcast: aid and Afghanistan

Case Study 5 - Remittances 

Payments to and from Africa

Links

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6U8yaU01UH4

http://www.ifad.org/media/press/2009/47.htm


http://blogs.worldbank.org/africacan/how-will-the-financial-crisis-affect-remittances-to-africa


http://allafrica.com/stories/200811111001.html


http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2007/06/gupta.htm 
 


January 2013 - How much do migrants send home. Excellent interactive graphic from Guardian Online. 

Feb 2013 Update - India tops the Remittances league. 

March 2013 Update - Money transfers from workers abroad to family back home have tripled in a decade and are three times larger than global aid budgets - Guardian link here

All content copyright geographypods unless otherwise stated. 
Picture
Picture
Photo used under Creative Commons from Shared Interest
  • Home
    • About & Contact
    • Discover The World Education >
      • Sample Lessons IGCSE/IBDP
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      • Floods
      • Snow & Mountains
      • Coastal
      • Tropical
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      • Sports
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    • Qatar World Cup 2022
    • Famous Refugees
    • Over the Horizon
    • Migration to the EU. >
      • Classroom Display
    • Hurricane Matthew 2016 >
      • Hurricane Matthew Display
    • Nepal Earthquake 2015
    • Ebola 2014
    • Don't Panic - The Truth About Population
    • Israel & Palestine Group 3
    • Global Village + Maths
    • IB Sample Lesson 2017
  • G11-12 IB
    • IB Geo 2017 Onward
    • IB Geo 2009-18 Archive >
      • IB Induction Cross Curricular
      • Global Interactions (70 hrs)
      • Hazards and Risk Management (30 hrs)
      • Freshwater - Issues and Conficts (30hrs)
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      • Internal Assessment >
        • IA 2018 >
          • Sitges & Calafell Photos 2013
          • Sitges & Calafell Video >
            • Debrief
      • IB Geography Exams >
        • G11 Mock
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    • Extended Essay
    • IB Geography & TOK
    • Studying Geography at Uni
  • G9-10 GCSE/iGCSE
    • Theme 1 Population & Settlement.
    • Theme 2 - Natural Environment
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    • Coursework >
      • IGCSE Berlin Fieldwork
      • IGCSE Rivers France
      • IGCSE Barcelona Fieldwork
    • IGCSE Exam Revision
  • G6
    • G6 Factfulness
    • Introducing Tectonics
    • Volcanoes
    • Earthquakes
    • The New Silk Road
    • Map Skills
    • Tornadoes
    • The Ice Man
    • Landscape in a Box >
      • 2016 Efforts
      • 2012 Efforts >
        • 7X
        • 7Y
    • End of Year Exam
    • Parent Information
  • G7
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    • 8850 Top of the World
    • Geography of My Stuff >
      • Journey of a T-Shirt
    • Another Shopping Centre?
    • Sinkholes
    • Walls
    • Carcassonne Connection
    • Renaissance Day
    • End of Year Exam
  • G8
    • G8 Factfulness
    • Development
    • Global Biomes
    • Climate & Rainforest
    • The Tribe
    • Palm Oil & Me >
      • Palm Oil Assessment
    • Introducing Waterfalls
    • Tourism Blessing or Curse?
    • Niagara Redeveloped DME
    • IGCSE Options
    • End of Year Exam